STUDY DESIGN: Clinical measurement. OBJECTIVES: To cross-culturally adapt the questionnaire Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) into Brazilian-Portuguese and test the measurement properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese versions of the SPADI, Quick Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH), Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS), Pain Numerical Rating Scale (Pain NRS), and Global Perceived Effect scale (GPE) in patients with shoulder disorders. BACKGROUND: Most instruments for shoulder disorders were developed in English. To be used in Brazil, translation into Brazilian-Portuguese, cross-cultural adaptation, and testing of measurement properties of these instruments is required. METHODS: The SPADI was translated and cross-culturally adapted consistent with current guidelines. Measurement properties of internal consistency, reproducibility, construct validity, ceiling and floor effects, and responsiveness of all instruments were tested in 100 patients with shoulder disorders. The patients filled out the questionnaires on 3 occasions: at baseline 24 to 48 hours after baseline, and 4 weeks after baseline. RESULTS: The instruments showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha between 0.78 and 0.93) and a good level of agreement as reflected by low standard error of measurements and minimal detectable change. The reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficients) of the instruments varied from 0.82 to 0.96. Most instruments presented good levels of construct validity. All instruments showed acceptable levels of internal and external responsiveness. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian versions of the SPADI, QuickDASH, Pain NRS, PSFS, and GPE are reproducible, valid, and responsive instruments for assessing patients with shoulder disorders.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 18 March 2013. doi:10.2519/jospt.2013.4441
KEY WORDS: ceiling and floor effects, cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, responsiveness, validity